Association between glycosylated hemoglobin and non-alcoholic fatty liver in the elderly / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To investigate an association between glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)level and non-alcoholic fatty liver(NAFL)in the elderly.Methods:In this retrospective case-control study, 5 186 elderly individuals aged 65 years and over meeting the inclusion conditions via health physical examination were successively selected from January to December 2018.They were divided into NAFL group(n=1 731)and non-NAFL group(n=3 455). Waist circumference, body mass index, smoking history, diastolic blood pressure, glomerular filtration rate, serum levels of triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartic aminotransferase, fasting blood glucose and HbA1c were compared between the two groups, and their correlations with NAFL were analyzed.Results:The prevalence of NAFL was 33.4%(1, 731/5, 186). The values of waistline, body mass index, smoking history, diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, glomerular filtration rate, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, fasting glucose and HbA1c were higher in the NAFL group than in non-NAFL group(all P<0.05). While levels of creatinine, urea nitrogen and age were lower in the NAFL group than in non-NAFL group( P<0.05). According to the quartile of HbA1c level, these subjects were divided into Q1 to Q4 groups(HbA1c<5.7%, 5.7≤HbA1c<6.0%, 6.0%≤HbA1c<6.5%, HbA1c≥6.5%), and the prevalence of NAFL in the Q1 to Q4 were 22.8%(225/1 120), 27.9%(398/1 429), 36.5%(514/1 409), 45.9%(564/1 228)respectively.The prevalence of NAFL was increased along with the increase in the level of HbA1c( P<0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age, gender and metabolic components, the risk for developing NAFL was gradually increased in Q2 group, Q3 group, Q4 group versus Q1 group as the following OR value: OR=1.274, 95% CI: 1.004-1.616; OR=1.639, 95% CI: 1.294-2.077; OR=1.787, 95% CI: 1.337-2.389, respectively, all P<0.01. Conclusions:The prevalence of NAFL is positively associated with HbA1c levels in the elderly and HbA1c is an independent risk factor for NAFL disease.

Vitamin A nutritional status and associated factors among primary and middle school students in Chongqing / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To examine the vitamin A status of children and adolescents aged between 6-17 years old in Chongqing, and to analyze the influencing factors of vitamin A deficiency, providing a scientific basis for nutritional improvement measures.@*Methods@#From 2016 to 2017, a multi-stage random sampling method was used to select approximately 1 508 children and adolescents aged between 6-17 years old from three rural and three urban locations in Chongqing. This study carried out a questionnaire survey and laboratory testing, and the statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0.@*Results@#The mean vitamin A level was (1.45±0.42)μmol/L, while the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency and the subclinical deficiency rate were 0.46% and 13.46%, respectively. The binary Logistic regression analysis revealed that the following factors were associated with a lower risk of vitamin A deficiency:overweight and obese students(OR=0.51); students whose mothers had a high school education or above(OR=0.35, P=0.01); students from big cities; and higher quartile albumin levels (Q 3 and Q 4). Students who did not eat meat each day(OR=2.05), students aged 6-8 years old, and students with C-reactive protein in the third (OR=2.12) and fourth (OR=4.54) higher quartiles were at a higher risk of vitamin A deficiency.@*Conclusion@#The subclinical vitamin A deficiency rate was relatively high among children aged 6-17 years old in Chongqing. Measures including nutritional education, reasonable diets, and nutritionally fortified food or fortifiers should be used when necessary.

Effect of nucleolar protein 14 on angiogenesis in melanoma and its mechanism / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of nucleolar protein 14 (NOP14) on angiogenesis in melanoma.Methods Melanoma tissues were collected from 40 patients with pathologically diagnosed melanoma in Guangzhou First People's Hospital from January 2016 to December 2018,and immunohistochemical study was conducted to determine the expression of NOP14 and CD31 (expressed as microvessel density [MVD]).Melanoma cell lines A375 and SK-MEL-1 were both divided into 4 groups:empty vector group transfected with the empty vector,NOPI4 group transfected with a NOP14-overexpressing vector,siNOP14 group transfected with the siRNA targeting NOP14,and siNC group transfected with a negative control siRNA.Fluorescence-based quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to determine the mRNA and protein expression of NOP14 respectively,and Western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor (VEGFR) in cells and their culture media.Coculture models of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and A375/SK-MEL-1 cells in the above groups were established in Transwell chambers,and cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay,Transwell migration and invasion assays and Matrigel-based vasculogenic mimicry assay were performed to evaluate the cellular proliferative,migratory,invasive activity and tube formation capacity respectively.A linear regression model was used to analyze the relationship between NOP14 expression and MVD in melanoma tissues,multi-way analysis of variance to analyze the difference in cellular proliferative activity,and independent-sample t test to compare other experimental indices between 2 groups.Results The expression of CD31 (MVD) was 44 ± 13 in the group with high NOP14 expression (n =20),58 ± 16 in that with moderate NOP14 expression (n =17),and 62 ± 11 in that with low NOP14 expression (n =3).The NOP14 expression was negatively correlated with MVD (r =-0.525,P =0.017).Compared with the empty vector group,the expression of VEGF and VEGFR in A375 and SK-MEL-1 cells and their culture media significantly decreased in the NOP14 group (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the siNC group,the expression of VEGF and VEGFR in the A375 and SK-MEL-1 cells and their culture media significantly increased in the siNOP14 group(all P ＜ 0.05).In the co-culture models of A375 cells and HUVECs,the NOP14 group showed significantly decreased proliferative activity of HUVECs (F =131.85,P ＜ 0.05),and numbers of migratory cells (22 ± 5 vs.63 ± 8,t =7.07,P =0.002),invasive cells (14 ± 5 vs.45 ± 10,t =4.94,P =0.008) and branch points (8 ± 2 vs.14 ± 3,t =5.06,P ＜ 0.001) compared with the empty vector group;compared with the siNC group,the siNOP14 group showed significantly increased proliferative activity of HUVECs (F =79.92,P ＜ 0.01),and numbers of migratory cells (152 ± 30 vs.59 ± 4,t =5.36,P =0.006),invasive cells (134 ± 21 vs.50 ± 8,t =6.40,P ＜ 0.001) and branch points (27 ± 3 vs.15 ± 4,t =6.10,P ＜ 0.001).In the co-culture models of SK-MEL-1 cells and HUVECs,the 4 groups showed the same trend of changes in the cellular proliferative,migratory,invasive activity and tube formation capacity of HUVECs as the above groups in the co-culture models of A375 cells and HUVECs.Conclusion The NOP14 expression is negatively correlated with MVD in melanoma tissues,and NOP14 can inhibit angiogenesis in melanoma.

miR-122-5p inhibits the proliferation of melanoma cells by targeting NOP14 / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression profile of miR-122-5p in melanoma tissues and the effect of miR-122-5p on the proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of human melanoma cell lines SK-MEL-110 and A375.@*METHODS@#The expression profiles of miR-122-5p in melanoma and pigmented nevus tissues were detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). SK-MEL-110 and A375 cells transfected with miR-122-5p inhibitor or negative control inhibitor (NC) I were examined for miR-122- 5p expression using qRT-PCR and changes in cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis using MTT assay or flow cytometry. NOP14 mRNA and protein expressions in the cells were detected using qRT- PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the identity of NOP14 as the direct target of miR-122-5p.@*RESULTS@#The relative expression of miR-122-5p in human pigmented nevus tissues and melanoma tissues was 1.23±0.270 and 7.65 ± 1.37, respectively. The relative expression of miR-122-5p in SK-MEL-110 and A375 cells transfected with miR-122-5p inhibitor was 0.21 ± 0.08 and 0.17 ± 0.05, respectively. miR-122-5p inhibitor obviously inhibited the cell proliferation and increased the percentage of cells in G1 stage in both SK-MEL-110 and A-375 cells, but did not cause obvious changes in the apoptosis of the two cells. miR-122-5p inhibitor did not significantly affect the expression level of NOP14 mRNA, but obviously increased the expression level of NOP14 protein. Luciferase reporter assay revealed a significantly lower luciferase activity in cells co-transfected with miR-122-5p mimics and wild-type psi-CHECK2-3'UTR plasmid than in the cells cotransfected with NC and wild-type psi-CHECK2-3'UTR plasmid (0.21 ± 0.14 0.56 ± 0.1, < 0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#miR-122-5p expression is upregulated in melanoma tissues, indicating its involvement in the development of melanoma. miR-122-5p inhibits the proliferation of SK-MEL-110 and A-375 cells possibly by affecting the cycle through NOP14.

Effects of miR-145 on the proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle of a human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of miR-145 on the proliferation,cell cycle and apoptosis of a human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT.Methods miR-145 mimics and negative control (NC) mimics were chemically synthesized and then transiently transfected into HaCaT cells respectively.After additional culture for different durations,real-time PCR was performed to determine the expression level of miR-145,MTS assay to estimate cell proliferation,and flow cytometry to detect cell apoptosis and cycle.Luciferase assay,real-time PCR and Western blot were conducted to determine whether NRAS was the target gene of miR-145.Results The miR-145 expression level in miR-145 mimic-transfected cells increased by 85.00 ± 1.21 folds compared with NC mimic-transfected cells (t =115.90,P ＜ 0.0001).The transfection with miR-145 mimics significantly inhibited the proliferation of HaCaT cells (F =8.76,P =0.008),and the inhibitory effect significantly varied with the duration (24-96 hours) of culture after transfection,with no interaction effect between the transfection with miR-145 mimics and culture duation (F =1.21,P =0.18).Compared with NC mimic-transfected cells,those transfected with miR-145 mimics showed a significant increase in the proportion of early apoptotic cells (18.9％ ± 4.1％ vs.4.3％ ± 1.2％,t =7.126,P ＜ 0.01),late apoptotic cells (9.3％ ± 2.3％ vs.3.6％ ± 1.6％,t =12.38,P ＜ 0.01),G1-phase cells (85.83％ ± 5.2％ vs.62.08％ ± 6.23％,t =11.78,P =0.007),but a significant decrease in the percentage of G2-phase cells (6.26％ ± 1.2％ vs.19.36％ ± 3.45％,t =7.610,P =0.017) and S-phase cells (7.91％ ± 1.3％ vs.18.56％ ± 5.23％,t =7.230,P=0.019).As luciferase assay showed,luciferase activity was significantly lower in HaCaT cells cotransfected with miR-145 mimics and a recombinant luciferase reporter vector psi-CHECK2-NRAS-wild carrying the wild-type 3'UTR of NRAS than in those cotransfected with NC mimics and the vector psi-CHECK2-NRAS-wild (t =11.09,P =0.008),but similar between cells cotransfected with miR-145 mimics and a recombinant luciferase reporter vector psi-CHECK2-NRAS-mut carrying the mutant-type 3'UTR of NRAS and those cotransfected with NC mimics and the vector psi-CHECK2-NRAS-mut (P ＞ 0.05).Real-time PCR and Western blot revealed that the overexpression of miR-145 mimics had no significant effect on NRAS mRNA expression (P ＞ 0.05),but significantly inhibited NRAS protein expression (1.52 ± 0.07 vs.0.20 ± 0.02,t =28.43,P＜ 0.01).Conclusion miR-145 might inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of HaCaT cells by influencing cell cycle via NRAS.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha effects on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell mobilization in rats with acute myocardial infarction / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Increasing autologous stem cellmobilization is conceived to achieve effectively repair of cardiac ischemic injury. Therefore, it is important to seek a specific and effective mobilization agent. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α) on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cellmobilization in myocardial infarction. METHODS:Left anterior descending artery was ligated to establish a rat model of acute myocardial infarction in 90 outbreeding Sprague-Dawley rats, and then the models were randomly divided into three groups. In HIF-1α-antisense oligonucleotide (ASODN) group, HIF-1α-ASODN was infused into the tail vein to restrain the expression of HIF-1αin infarcted ischemic tissue. In HIF-1α-missense oligonucleotide (MSODN) group or control group, an equal volume of HIF-1α-MSODN or saline was injected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 30 hours and 7 days of modeling, the number of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the peripheral blood of the control group were similar to the HIF-1α-MSODN group, but significantly higher than the HIF-1α-ASODN group. After 7 days of modeling, the expressions of HIF-1αprotein, vascular endothelial growth factor protein and mRNA in the ischemic myocardial tissues of the control group were similar to the HIF-1α-MSODN group, but significantly higher than the HIF-1α-ASODN group. After 7, 14 and 28 days of modeling, the capil ary density in the ischemic myocardial tissues of the control group was similar to the HIF-1α-MSODN group, but significantly higher than the HIF-1α-ASODN group. These findings indicate that after acute myocardial infarction, high expression of HIF-1αexhibits a causal relationship with mobilization of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, initiating a series of self-healing process of myocardial tissues.

Expressions of survivin, COX-2, VEGF and their correlations with angiogenesis in condyloma acuminatum / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To investigate the expressions of survivin, cyclooxyenase-2 (COX-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and their relationship with angiogenesis in condyloma acuminatum (CA) tissues. Methods Immunohistochemistry using PowerVision staining kit was performed to detect the expression of survivin, COX-2 and VEGF protein in 60 CA tissue samples from patients and 21 normal skin samples from the foreskin of human controls. At the same time, the microvessel density was determined in CA tissues by staining blood vessel endothelium with anti-CD105 monoclonal antibody. Results The positivity rate of survivin and COX-2 expression was 56.67% and 63.33%, in CA tissues, 9.52% and 0 in normal skin tissues, respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups of tissue samples in the positivity rate and intensity of survivin and COX-2 expression (all P < 0.05). VEGF was expressed in all of the CA tissues and normal skin tissues, while the intensity of VEGF expression was statistically different between the two groups of tissue samples (P < 0.05). The MVD was 16.38 ± 5.46 and 0.62 ± 0.44 in CA tissues and normal skin tissues, respectively (P < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the expressions of survivin, COX-2 and VEGF, as well as between MVD and the expressions of survivin and COX-2 in CA tissues. Conclusion The expression levels of survivin, COX-2 and VEGF are significantly higher in CA tissues than in normal skin tissues.

Gene expression of matrix metalloprotease and their inhibitors in liver tissue of rats with Vibrio vulnificus sepsis / 中华临床感染病杂志

Objective To investigate gene expressions of matrix metalloprotease (MMP-2, MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) and RECK ( reversion inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs) in the liver tissue of rats with Vibrio vulnificus sepsis. Methods Vibrio vulnificus sepsis model was induced by injection of 1 mL/100 g Vibrio vulnificus (9 × 106 cfu/mL) at hind limbs in 50 Sprague-Dawley male rats of clean grade, each time 10 animals were sacrificed at 2, 6, 9, 12 and 16 h after injection and liver samples were taken. Ten rats served as control group. The ethological changes were observed. The total RNA was extracted from liver tissue and the gene expressions of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-2 and RECK were evaluated by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Results The rats manifested shortness of breath, fever and swelling in hind limbs at 4 h after injection of Vibrio vulnificus. These symptoms gradually deteriorated, and the rats presented cyanosis and convulsion at 12 h. The gene expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were markedly up-regulated, while those of TIMP-2 and RECK were down-regulated. Conclusion The study suggests that the elevation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and down-regulation of TIMP-2 and RECK is associated with the development of Vibrio vulnificus sepsis.

Septic patients caused by Vibrio vulnificus: epidemiology, clinical findings, diagnosis and treatment / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To study epidemiology, clinical findings, diagnosis and treatment of sepsis caused by Vibrio vulnificus. Method Patientss with Vibrio vulnificus sepsis were collected from 1995 to 2008. The medical records including epidemiological and clinical data were analyzed. Results The male-to-female ratio of 34cases was 4.7:1 and 76. 5% of these patients suffered from chronic liver disease. Most patients occurred from April to October with signs of abrupt fever, characteristic cutaneous lesions, hypotension and progressive multiple organ disfunction syndrome (MODS). The mortality was over 47.1% . The criteria proposed for early diagnosis of Vibrio vulnificus sepsis were abrupt onset with fever during the period from April to November, characteristic cutaneous lesions, such as the most commonly occurred haemorrhagic bullae on the extremities or even extensive necrosis of skin and muscular tissue, progressive hypotension or shock accompanied by MODS, pre-existing liver disease or chronic abuse of alcohol, and consumption of raw seafood or exposure to seawater within 12 week. Early administration of the third-generation cephalosporins with the quinolones in full dosage, aggressive wound debridement,appropriate dermoplasty and supportive care contribute to a better outcome. Conclusions Vibrio vulnificus sepsis progresses rapidly with high mortality. Early diagnosis, rapid treatment with prompt antibiotics and aggressive surgery treatment are very important to improve the outcome.

The effects of antibiotics on gene expression of CD14 and pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines in liver of Vibrio vulnificus septic rats / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To investigate the potential role and changes of CD14, TNF-ct and IL-10 in liver in Vibrio vulnificus septic rats, and detect the intervention effects of eefoperazone sodium combined with levofloxacin. Methods To make Vibrio vulnificus sepsis model (VV group) and drug intervention model (AA group) in rats, the expression of CD14, TNF-α, IL-10 in liver were detected by RT-PCR. Results Compared with normal control (NC) group,CD14 mRNA and TNF-α mRNA expression increased markedly at 2, 6, 9, 12, 16 h in VV group (P<0.05), IL-10 mRNA raised greatly at 9, 12, 16 in VV group (P<0.05). CD14 mRNA expression was also rised in AA group at 9 h(P<0.05). TNF-α mRNA at 9, 12 h and IL-10 mRNA at 9, 12, 16 h in the AA group increased (P<0.05). Compared with VV groups, CD14 mRNA expression diminished greatly at 9, 12, 16 h in AA group (P <0.05), TNF-α mRNA and IL-10 mRNA diminished in the AA group at 16 h(P<0.05). Conclusion The treatment with cefoperazone sodium and levofloxacin may reduce expression of CD14, TNF-α and IL-10 in liver of rats with VV sepsis, it may inhibit the level of pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines, thereby regulating the balance of the inflammatory response in VV sepsis.

The Clinical Diagnosis and Therapy Features of Chronic Liver Disease Patients with Limbs Infection / 医学研究杂志

Objective To analyze and summarize the clinical diagnosis and therapy features of chronic liver disease patients with limbs infection.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 29 chronic liver disease patients with serious limbs infection in our hospital.Results Chronic liver disease patients with limbs infection specially vibrio infection,had a high ratio of MODS,so early diagnosis,early therapy with antibiotics and early operation to expose and cut lesion has a good effect.Conclusions The chronic liver disease patients with limbs infection should early diagnosed,early treated by antibiotics,and early exposed the swelling limbs or cut lesion by surgery.

Effects of cell adhesion molecule CD_(54) and CD_(44) on apoptosis inducted by momordin in erythroleukemic K562 Cells / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To explore the change of the expression of cell adhesion molecule CD_ 54 and CD_ 44 in erythroleukemic K562 apoptosis cells induced by momordin from momordica charantia seeds and study the effects of cell adhesion molecule CD_ 54 and CD_ 44 on cell apoptosis induced by momordin. METHODS: After the treatment of K562 cells with appropriated concentration momordin, CCK-8 test was employed to determine K562 cells growth; flow cytometry FACScan (FITC-Annexin V staining) and electron microscopy were used to detect apoptosis; The expression of CD_ 54 and CD_ 44 were examined by flow cytometry FACScan (FITC-CD_ 54 and PE-CD_ 44 staining). RESULTS: CCK-8 test showed K562 cells growth was significant inhibited by momordin; the apoptosis was detected by cell morphology and flow cytometry FACScan (FITC-Annexin V) in K562 cells after treatment by appropriated concentration momordin. The expressions of CD_ 54 and CD_ 44 in momordin treated K562 cells were 18.62 % and 1.32 % respectively, and in negative momordin treated K562 cells were 0.25 % and 0.17 % respectively, and momordin could up-expresses the protein of CD_ 54 18.37 % and CD_ 44 1.15 %. CONCLUSION: Momordin can markedly induce the K562 cell to apoptosis. The up-expressions of CD_ 54 exist in the process of apoptosis induced by momordin. The change of cell adhesion molecule maybe one of the key factors in the mechanisms of apoptosis induced by momordin, and its mechanism maybe involve in adhesion-dependent apoptosis.

Analysis of the relationship of ET、CGRP、TXB2 and 6-Keto-PGF1α in blood plasma with diabetic retinopathy / 中国糖尿病杂志

Objective　To study the changes of the four active substances endothelin(ET),calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP),thromboxane B2(TXB2) and 6-Keto-prostaglandin F1α(6-Keto-PGF1α) in plasma when they acted on each other in the formation and development of diabetic retinopathy.Methods　Using the method of radio-immunity,the levels of ET,CGRP,TXB2,6-Keto-PGF1α in plasma were measured in four groups of patients with type 2 diabetes (group 1∶40 cases without retinopathy;group 2∶40 cases with primary retinopathy;group 3.40 cases with hyperplasia type of retinopath;group 4∶40 cases normal controls).Results　The results showed that ET increased progressively (P＜0.01) with the prolonging of the duration of DM and the worsening of retina damage、CGRP showed a decreasing tendency (P＜0.05,P＜0.01) in the advanced stage of DM retinopathy.Rectilinear regression analysis showed that the association of ET/CGRP with TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α became closer with the worsening of deabetic retinopathy (r=0.44,P＜0.05;r=0.596,P＜0.01).Conclusion　The four active substances acted on each other in the formation and development of diabetic retinopathy.It had a significent meaning in the initial mechanism of DM,in the development of disease and in the direction of medication usage to understand their relationship.

Analysis of the relationship of ET、CGRP、TXB_2 and 6-Keto-PGF_(1?) in blood plasma with diabetic retinopathy / 中国糖尿病杂志

Objective To study the changes of the four active substances endothelin(ET),calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-Keto-prostaglandin F1? (6-Keto-PGF1?) in plasma when they acted on . each other in the formation and development of diabetic retinopathy. Methods Using the method of radio-immunity,the levels of ET,CGRP,TXB2, 6-Keto-PGF,. in plasma were measured in four groups of patients with type 2 diabetes (group 1: 40 cases without retinopathy; group 2: 40 cases with primary retinopathylgroup 3. 40 cases with hyperplasia type of retinopath; group 4: 40 cases normal controls). Results The results showed that ET increased progressively (P